The defective patches was at first just KB2982791 part of the MS14-045 Security Bulletin (HERE). You can read the known issues there.
Then it turned out there were 3 more defective patches: Including KB 2970228 -- a non-security update applied to Windows 7 and Windows 8.1 systems. The other two problem patches, KB 2975719 and KB 2975331 were both applied to Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012.
So far, MS is recommending uninstalling the problem patches.
The “Here’s how” is located here: https://support.microsoft.com/kb/2982791
There’s another walk through here: http://www.ghacks.net/2014/08/18/how-to-uninstall-windows-updates/?_m=3n%2e0038%2e1340%2ehj0ao01hy5%2e1dzh
Hey MS…how about a Kamikaze Patch Monday – where the insanely brave and super savvy tech guys volunteer to download and test your stuff before the hapless herd gets their boxes borked by your less than optimally tested crap?
Sources:
http://www.ghacks.net/2014/08/18/how-to-uninstall-windows-updates/?_m=3n%2e0038%2e1340%2ehj0ao01hy5%2e1dzh
https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/windows_7-windows_update/blue-screen-stop-0x50-after-applying-update/6da4d264-02d8-458e-89e2-a78fe68766fd